CRASH-TEST

Joint venture

Chief designer SP Vadim Klassen and saabovets Stefan Olsen: seems to be under the bumper beam worked ...

Two eyes visible refine lower-body energopogloschayuschy element under the bumper and striped spacer inside the wheel niche

Pillow hub is built into the driver, a passenger in the pillow panel

After about 60 ms after the strike began blanketing already disclosed the dummy's head and take exactly centered

Recycling Used cushion vanish after 0.3 with a strike after the start

Warp almost no sex: Consolidation succeeded

"Children's" manekenchik joyfully vskinul hand-held crush well

For passenger Sheva Neve pillow with a collision at a speed of 64 km / h will be virtually safe

The red lines marked enhanced and additional elements of the longitudinal body, which helps to redistribute the load when frontal collision. Green marked refinement integrated diagonal front panel

Counselor SP Rolf Dauber congratulates Olsen: There are four stars!

Engine blow with the left-hand shift to the right that plays a positive role


Passenger dostalos heavily ...

Left knee, right on the latch handle ...

Such podatlivost steering wheel when the accident is good

Like a dummy tried to jump on the right. Do not have time

Paul broken, pedal stood on end, the left-knee-bar bracket

Pillow would help here

. Until poligonovtsy Hybrid evacuated with leg injuries "," Bagrov (right) counts the points. Their little

Plastic jacket fractured, caught in a catch of fabric trousers

Telescopic element in the steering column worked until failure. At finalized car during telescoping increase from 60 to 90 mm


Total overload the driver's head and front passenger

Chevrolet Niva ( Chevrolet Niva (Avtorevyu crush)

A further avtomobil-prototip

Leonid GOLOVANOV
Photo author
We simply wanted to hold a crush Chevrolet Niva is not zagadyvaya than the result of this experiment. On roads already kolesit ten thousand of these machines, and their owners have the right to know how these cars are safe in the accident.
But the case has taken a different turn. Before krash-testom invited us in Togliatti, and we were able to see what is happening inside the joint venture GM- AvtoVAZ actually ...
O'KEY, Stefan, end van AvtoVAZ Schwarzenegger bi redi industrializeyshn Four? says tube in mobile Mikhail Bagrov. & Did it tries egri industrialayz M impruvments body?
Two years ago, Bagrov worked at the WHA in the department refining the body and touch with colleagues exclusively in Russian. Then I did about how to measure the stiffness of the WHA Body Torque, and Michael, I arranged a tour of vazovskoy laboratory. exhibit, by the way, but the body has been a new Niva, which was on one of the measuring stand. And Bagrov proudly told that the VAZ-2123 will have the most stringent of all the bodywork vazovskih machines-about 12000 Nm / deg with skruchivanii.
Since then, we were not talking. But a couple of weeks ago in drafting razdalsya call.
Greetings, Leonid, so Bagrov. I have now been working at the SP GM- AvtoVAZ, involved in refining the body Chevrolet Niva-and collusion, passive safety. EuroNCAP? They say you are going to arrange our car crush on Rules EuroNCAP? And the first thing you do not want to come and tackle in a similar test-refined car with cushions, with prednatyazhitelyami with upgraded bodywork?
And we went in Togliatti.
Where are you staying? Also in the JubileeIt is absurd expensive hotel ...
Stephen Olsen, a passive security firms Saab live in "Jubilee" weeks. Of course, in a hotel room and he did not pay out of his own pocket, but not outrageous disparity of price and quality still can not. We also shared anger Olsen, albeit stopped at "cheap" rooms. In general, the entire hall for 2200 rubles per person ...
. Foreigners now come in Togliatti more often than before: the transformation of the new Neve VAZ-2123 in the Chevrolet Niva car changed the lives and destinies of many people.Former Wazowski engineer Mikhail Bagrov goes to work in a white shirt and practiced daily in English, saabovets Olsen knows BEIJING lyuftganzovskih schedule flights to Samara ...
What saabovsky specialist passive safety flies in Togliatti?
Olsen readily explained.
"We together with a colleague (he is now home, in Trollhettane) Russian engineers to help in finalizing the Chevrolet Niva. The goal is to have the car at least until trehzvezdnogo EuroNCAP ratings. In the bizarre outcome of side we are confident-and conducted several experiments steadily receive at least 15 points out of 16. However, nothing unexpected in this not-you know that SUVs with greatly raised flooring, as a rule, carry side offering better cars. In frontal krash-testom difficult. Work under way, and now you will be present in one of the "finishing" evronkapovskih testing ...
Interesting! It appears that the WHA-2123, the same Chevrolet Niva is the first Russian car design (no assembly, as Focus or Accent, a design!), Which is being held under the customization of the "informal" modern requirements for passive safety. After all, with all due respect to vazovtsam I have never heard of such words are: "to bring the car to trehzvezdnogo ratings ..."
Supervise the bizarre swing at the WHA went an entire delegation: Olsen, Bagrov, chief designer SP Vadim Klassen, director general adviser Rolf Dauber-chief himself and SP John Milonas. And we waited at the WHA old friends - department staff strike tests. How many Hubbard, we have seen here at the factory katapulte! And each time an admired clarity with which vazovtsy work. Experiments were conducted always exactly at the scheduled time, minute per minute. And no malfunction!
By the way, and when attacked? Indeed, in five hours, I have to leave the airport to semichasovoy To Be on the flight to Moscow ...
The kick-in three hours, uspeesh - vazovtsy reassurance. . - Maximum, in the fourth quarter.
But the delegation of SP different view.
- Here shall see, will kick in five, or even later, "sovmestniki skeptical prophesy." - Never, ever, our tests are not carried out on time ...
Here is yes: in the air zapahlo static electricity. Foreigners, led by Milonasom dissatisfied shepchutsya, mind at the clock ... And as vazovtsy does not happened slowly preparing the car.
They even face-groups, proximity to each other. People from the SP-in white shirt. Vazovtsy in gray costumes. Communicate with each other through the "interpreters", who were "former" Klassen and Bagrov. Among its wrong ...
But this is absurd! Indeed, the essence of PO joint venture with General Motors and from, and have an equal share of the WHA. Both should be equally interested in the success of his brainchild. Or vazovtsy resentment at the fact that the car they developed from start to finish, "put" cross-Chevrolet emblem?
Finally, the five, all seem to be ready silver-Sheva Niwa is on the starting position, "staffed by" dummy restraints. In contrast, in our experiments, Dmitrov, tolyattintsy able to fully reproduce the conditions frontal bizarre EuroNCAP-in addition to "adult" Hybrid III dummy front, rear children's kreslitsah planted two more manekenchika. One "nine", a "three". However, even in the EuroNCAP tests data "child" dummies when calculating ranking security is not taken into consideration.
. Under the hood pilot Sheva Niwa-engine Opel 1.8, which pristykovany gearbox Aisin (the same as in the Suzuki Vitara SUV) and the original "razdatka" without intermediate shaft wall. Such Sheva Neve go into production in the spring of next year and will come-not only for export but also for the domestic market. In steer hub and the front panel to the passenger built inflatable airbags. Belts also unusual, with fireworks prednatyazhitelyami that in the first three hundredths of seconds after the collision "pulling" locks down, eliminating "weak" and harness their hoods of compensating coil, and limiters efforts. For the current European cars such equipment (two pillows and belts with prednatyagom and limiters) - already the rule. But many Koreans "," for example, is still just a single blanket and simple straps. What we are talking about domestic machines ...
And that the "wand" is striped vraspor niche in the left wheel Neve?
"This is one of the options refining the body, as you said Stefan," explains Bagrov. Spacer-box along with enhanced driver's legs in the zone, the tunnel linings for transmission and longitudinal all have to reallocate the load on the body. In addition, under the bumper, we have strengthened further "lower" element. The fact is that the Niva car, and with a high krash-teste cuts in deformable barrier "step above" simulating a counter-bumper cars. Therefore, it does blow for stricter than the same car for the masses. Now see, as a lead Niwa finalized ...
Under the ceiling preduprezhdayusche zamelteshila gaishnaya "Flasher." All frozen. Short dispersal to 64 km / h. .. Shock!
. By Stefan me.
Well, how has your experience been?
Mindful of Bagrovym promised two years ago, a new high-rigidity body Niwa, I was expecting a little smaller lines desk front windshield.Threshold also prognulsya more than I had expected, on the left sidewall hlopun "appeared", the two refused to open the door left ... However, we have previously tried Renault Symbol, which earned 11 points out of 16, had similar deformation. And after vazovtsy "otkovyryali" rear door opened as the front does not happened - door locks from being hit zaklinilo not.
В In the cabin stood sharp smell of Trigger-and gas-cutters prednatyazhiteley pillows. Both pillows realize exactly on time, took the head dummies accurately centered.Rudder almost on the spot. Sex under the driver's feet barely bent, pedal-far removed not only 8 cm ago, and by 3 cm upwards. Good work!
Admittedly, I was late for the plane. What I saw with his own eyes how the relationship between the "white" and "gray" became warmer!
This happened when vazovtsy made a printout of data from sensors dummies. The head and neck, "green": no danger. Pillow and belts with prednatyagom and limited efforts predohranili "dummies" ribs from excessive loads: the driver in the chest is painted yellow color scheme, a passenger, and the chest is "green". Drumsticks With everything is in place, with the feet, too ...
The only problem is the risk of injury knees. First, next to the left foot bent sticks bracket mounting the panels, the head bolt outdoors. And secondly, the right of the helm of the panel have acute tide, which can damage on the knee cup.
Yes, minus two of the rating score, smiling joyfully, agree with Bagrovym Olsen. Do not argue. But even with minus two points penalization "legs" on the car gets 12.5 points out of 16! Of course, we were expecting a good result. . But this ...
Indeed, down 12.5 points in the frontal crush and 15.6 for the side impact (the result of an experiment conducted by the English test in Milbruke), we get 28 "rounded" scores. This is a solid four-star result at the level of good modern cars!
All ebbed.Milonas smiles, Dauber Olsena joyfully clapping on the back, Klassen lively discusses protocols, together with vazovtsami ... Well, pomirilis? It's your overall victory, the success of your joint venture!
And all would be well if it were not for one "but".Four stars is the result avtomobilya-prototipa, which has not yet been issued. And now in production are other Sheva Niwa-no pillows, no prednatyazhiteley and conventional bodywork. How safe 10000 already produced cars?
The answer to this question Dmitrovskom waited for us to test, which stood prepared to blow our Sheva Niwa-bought for editorial bizarre serial car.
Supervise the blow to our flew to Moscow one Bagrov. Early in the morning I took it out of the departmental hotels in the WHA Sheremetyevo and within an hour we were in the building OIBA (both at the site name is abbreviated test security department cars). What earns a serial evaluation Niwa Sheva? Seven points? Five? But certainly no less than four scores demonstrated "tens". However, the new Niva car more "fresh" design, and yes even vypuskayuschiysya sponsored by GM ...
But Bagrov not respond to this question resigned. And saabovets Olsen, whom I asked about the same in Togliatti, also did not respond wing. But vazovtsy vague hint given to understand that nothing good from the serial machines should not wait. And the impact, by the way, flew, although not before that none of the Hubbard Avtorevyu, which tested cars WHA without their presence is not costly.
Forty minutes waiting until WD katapulty drum, five-readiness ... Shock!
At first glance, "our" Niwa split even better finalized. Breakage desk lower threshold than prognulsya ...
Open the door, too, initially was unable to "reveal" the rear and then released on driving. Eyes opened a strange picture: maneken- "driver" sitting, kneeling perekinuv right. As if afraid impending cube and at the last minute decided to jump to its knees "passenger", but could not because a belt ...
Rudder iskoverkan and smyat. This is a consequence of its design travmobezopasnoy: rim tyranny of the pressure head and chest, mitigating the impact. On the sex of the driver's legs broken-welded seams. It is not as welding, and in the construction of the body: it was too large deformation sex.
A pedali-to, pedal ... They just stick out in the cabin towards the legs! Pedal adhesion shifted back to the 195 mm and 125 mm above the pedal-to 175 and 70 mm. A car finalized shift pedals, three times less!
Overload "head" in the driver's car, devoid of pillows, barely increased.But who "felt" a lack of cushion is "passenger". He kivke Dostal to head panel, and had been a blow neslabym - reloading in the peak exceeded 90g, with a standard of 88g, a criterion HIC just not come until 1000. And if the driver's head on the color orange color scheme, the passenger will have to use the red: with shaking so severely brain blow even the suite and smooth panel Sheva Niwa-pieces very probable.
"With cervical vertebrae" dummies, as in the car with a pillow, everything is in place. "Pressures on the thoracic cage", despite the lack of caps and prednatyazhiteley efforts barely increased. But complicating the situation for the driver contact with the steering wheel and the loss of structural integrity of the body (tears in the metal box in the zone and the front desk), it relies for two scores penalization.
A dangerous situation with their feet throughout. First, belts without prednatyaga worse keep torso of deflection and load-ahead "at the knees" and "dummy" phlebitis bone increasing. For example, the left leg, upershis knee in a casing steering column, the load experienced approximately half a ton. This is, incidentally, not many doctors believe - that the human calf bone can withstand up to 900 kg compressive load. But the left knee while udarilos exactly in torchaschy latch lever adjustment column! Plastic around the fractured, forming a sharp edge and bare metal parts adjustment mechanism. When a test dummy evacuated from the passenger compartment, shtanina in his knee proved porvannoy. A column of svisali blue threads, vydrannye gibridovyh of pants ...
Add to this the lower bracket torchaschy left pane, the right of the projection acute steer, pedal attack on the tibia and the driver's foot-holes and broken up to the metal box. As a result, the driver's feet and head-passenger "red" (zero), the driver's chest and his left leg, "brown" (0.9 and 0.7 scores, respectively) ... Instead 12.5 from a revised management machine!
To its credit, the creators of the new Neve may be noted that the serial car still stood a stroke. Here door with piles of security, well boiled the body, the element of the telescoping steering column ... Such a disaster, which occurred in Hudson izhevskoy Oda, vazovskoy "Seven", or Uzbek nizhnekamskoy Oki Neksii with Sheva Niwa has not happened.
But such a huge difference between serial and finalized machines were not assume too!
Judge for yourselves. The collision with a car similar mass (about a half tons) at a speed of 64 km / h and a serial Sheva Niva can be dangerous even for belted front racers. The passenger can get brain shaking, and the driver is likely to be in travmopunkte damaged knees or feet. And if such an accident ever reach people on a finalized Sheva Niwa, the probability of injury would be much lower, the real danger will represent only a portion of the lower panel. But with less sex and deformation properties of the best restraint belts with prednatyagom running the risk of a catch or torchaschy bracket here below.
How then went so? Who is to blame for the fact that the Chevrolet Niva car from the two nannies, GM and AvtoVAZ, has been "without eyes"? Why do you need to refine after the start of mass fabrication?
To answer this question go back to vazovskuyu catapults, where the booster stripes on the sides under the blankets lie broken in the previous experiments machines and prototypes. Blankets, from the curious eyes of my kind. But few vehicles that have passed frontal attacks, were not closed. They were "normal" short old Neve VAZ-21213. Moreover, vazovtsy themselves speak about these machines.
Here is waging an intensive work on the old Niwa, want to get a certificate for sale in Europe. Already there are positive results, it appears that Old Niva without pillows will meet the requirements of Regulation № 94 UNECE.
What are the same funds managed to write "old" Niwa with modern standards?
Peredelyvat bodywork us nobody would: Niwa soon withdraw from the production, which is much less investment ... But we tried to complete longitudinal, thresholds and other hidden cavities special foam. She tverdeet-attached and bodywork missing energy. "One zapenennuyu" machine already sent to France for a testing UTAC for certification bizarre. If attacked anymore, to continue to sell the old Niva in Europe-good, the demand for it has ...
So, in the longitudinal foam. Cheap, dirty. And no pillows and prednatyazhiteley. That we, po-brazilski ... Immediately officer AZLK old stories about how even in Soviet times for certification Hubbard at UTAC specifically warned "cooked" Muscovites with a double box, attaching it "diversionary maneuvers" in a box of Armenian brandy. And in those days it was better French ...
Pena-decision in the longitudinal clever, but not new. All the ills that at the "froth" conveyor body will not. Neve particularly among those who are to the domestic market, they will be produced in the same way as before, because no new, more stringent certification requirements for them in Russia still have.
This is the kind of psychology of Soviet times. Make an expensive car, "to the limit" in watching certification requirements-and to put a car on the conveyor.
The same has been established and a new Niva VAZ-2123. Rather, designers wanted to make it the first thing much better, with the front desk McPherson, with independent rear suspension ... Structure lonzheronov such a machine was different, and deformation in the frontal impact is not transmitted to the floor and at the pedals.
But obyavilos Nachalstvo. And ordered the car to make nodes and aggregates old Neve-so you can use these suspensions razdatku "and" when will soon demand for "classic" Niwa fall.The demand is not dropped, but the designers had already come to his own throat song: all been redone. Longitudinal Front for the old dvuhrychazhnoy suspension with transverse beams had placed above and bend more. That is why now, with the frontal blow floor breaks, and stand up on end pedal towards legs.
But for sertifikatsii-to this is not a hindrance! And a car left in a form in which it received a joint venture ...
I think people from GM experienced a shock when realized that he disguised as semi-finished model suggested. The vehicle, which should have been collected from the "wet" and substandard components. Since podtekayuschimi gearbox, with a shaky mirrors, with raspolzayuschimisya hoses ...
If the new Niva produced at the WHA, finishing work lasted for years - to remember the bitter experience of the same "tens". But, fortunately, General Motors is not the WHA. You go to work in the white shirt. You think about the future.
Now it is clear that the creation of SP was the only correct step. Apparently, the WHA in principle may not bring the car up to the condition that adopted throughout the civilized world. It is not about ability. In fact, despite a great deal of invited engineers (Niwa Sheva now help bring people from the center opelevskogo ITDC, saabovtsy, dvigatelisty firms from Lotus), the substantive work done and continue to do Russian specialists. Same vazovtsy.
What they have much, it is already clear enough to remember brilliantly adjusted manageability Neve Sheva. For passive safety, by the way, help is only saabovtsev assistance.Ways to finalize the "three-Niva" category (and actually, as it turns out, even before the "four") and vazovtsam unclear, and engineers SP ...
But those superiors WHA refinement is not needed in the first place. A superiors SP led by John Milonasom-needed. Despite the enormous cost. Just imagine how many faces all necessary UK, the purchase of pillows and "advanced" belts, travel professionals Olsena level ...A new stamp for the manufacture of body parts completed, and changes in technology assembly? It is generally millions!
One stroke. Most recently Bagrov telephoned again and told that they spent another exactly the same crush. Received 12.4 points.
"It means that we are all calculated correctly. Two very similar result is a not an accident. So now preparing everything for serial production!
Understand? They spend twice-UK just to be sure of the rightness of their decision. This is the approach.
The new bodywork with all the amendments will go into production in April 2004, and will be united for both versions, and with vazovskim, and opelevskim power aggregates. Moreover, the SP thinking of a single equipment and security systems, perhaps even "basic" Russian version will have two pillows and belts with prednatyagom and limiters. True, it will increase the cost of another. Yet just passed "hidden" increase in the price of Neve Sheva - crossed with dollars to the euro ...
But now, when it became clear in the entire unplanned finishing work on the Niwa Sheva, it is understandable. For good quality and safe vehicle assembled it makes sense to pay more. After all, vazovskie Expensive machines, too.But they are so similar that better?
And it became clear how difficult and noble mission of the joint venture.They have to work with people, poisoned by decades of the mediocrity. To overcome the enormous inertia of thinking, cultivate civilized attitude to a car, build quality, in the absence of the usual "setbacks" ...
I somehow think that AvtoVAZ plant GM- win in the "struggle of civilizations". Just because their cause is just. But the WHA ... U vazovtsev there was only one chance for survival. They need to throw their old Soviet-cut gray suits and go to work in the white shirt. Following Klassenom and Bagrovym.